from xml.etree import ElementTree tree = ElementTree.parse("example.xml") root = tree.getroot() # use root = ElementTree.fromstring(string_xml_data) to parse from str print(root) print(root.tag, root.attrib)
[
{
"first_name": "Greg",
"last_name": "Dean",
"certificate": true,
"scores": [
70,
80,
90
],
"description": "Good job, Greg"
},
{
"first_name": "Wirt",
"last_name": "Wood",
"certificate": true,
"scores": [
70,
80,
90
],
"description": "Nicely Done"
}
]
first name,last name,module1,module2,module3,description student,best,100,100,100,Excellent score student,good,90,"90,2",100,"Good score but could do better" Greg,Dean,70,80,90,"Good job, Greg" Wirt,Wood,80,80.2,80,Nicely done Greg,Dean,70,80,90,"Good job, Greg" Wirt,Wood,80,80.2,80,Nicely done "Greg","Dean","70","80","90","Good job, Greg" "Wirt","Wood","80","80.2","80","Nicely done" "Greg","Dean",70,80,90,"Good job, Greg" "Wirt","Wood",80,80.2,80,"Nicely done"
import requests res = requests.get("https://docs.python.org/3.5/") print(res.status_code) # 200 print(res.headers['Content-Type']) # text/html print(res.content) # бинарный контент print(res.text) # текстовый контент
import requests res = requests.get("https://docs.python.org/3.5/_static/py.png") print(res.status_code) # 200 print(res.headers['Content-Type']) # image/png print(res.content) # бинарный контент with open("python.png", "wb") as f: f.write(res.content)
import requests res = requests.get("https://yandex.ru/search/", params={ "text": "Stepic", "test": "test1", "name": "Name With Spaces", "list": ["test1", "test2"] }) print(res.status_code) print(res.headers['Content-Type']) print(res.url) # print(res.text)
x = "hello\nworld" print(x) x = r"hello\nworld" # сырая (raw) строка print(x)
class MyClass: a = 10 def func(self): print('Hello')
x = [-2, -1, 0, 1, 2] y = [] for i in x: y.append(i * i) g = [i * i for i in x] print(g) # [4, 1, 0, 1, 4] w = [i * i for i in x if i > 0] print(w) # [1, 4] z = [(u, o) for u in range(3) for o in range(3) if o >= u] print(z) # [(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2), (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 2)] # генератор v = ((u, o) for u in range(3) for o in range(3) if o >= u) print(v) # <generator object <genexpr> at 0x01124360> print(next(v)) # (0, 0)
lst = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] book = { 'title': 'The Langoliers', 'author': 'Stephen King', 'year_published': 1990 } string = "Hello, World!" for i in lst: # перебираем элементы списка print(i) for i in book: # перебираем ключи словаря print(i) for i in string: # перебираем символы строки print(i)
iterator = iter(book) print(next(iter))
it = iter(book) while True: try: i = next(it) print(i) except StopIteration: break;
from random import random class RandomIterator: def __init__(self, k): # конструктор self.k = k self.i = 0 def __next__(self): # объект является итератором, когда у него есть данный метод if self.i < self.k: self.i += 1 return random() else: raise StopIteration def __iter__(self): return self x = RandomIterator(3) print(next(x)) # next(x) ~ x.__next__() print(next(x)) print(next(x)) for y in RandomIterator(10): print(y)
class DoubleElementListIterator: def __init__(self, lst): self.lst = lst self.i = 0 def __next__(self): if self.i < len(self.lst): self.i += 2 return self.lst[self.i - 2], self.lst[self.i - 1] else: raise StopIteration class MyList(list): def __iter__(self): return DoubleElementListIterator(self) for pair in MyList([1, 2, 3, 4]): print(pair)
 |
| x не попадет в глобальный namespace. Тело функции не исполняется, когда мы его определяем. Тело функции исполняется, когда мы вызываем эту функцию. Однако даже, когда мы вызовем функцию, x не будет лежать в глобальном неймспейсе. При вызове функции создается локальный неймспейс. |
x = 13 if x % 2 == 1: x += 1 print(x) #4
for i in range(5): x = i * i print(x) # 16
for i in []: y = i * i print(y) # NameError
def function_name(argument1, argument2): # function body return argument1 + argument2 x = function_name(2, 8) y = function_name(x, 21) print(y)
def list_sum(lst): result = 0 for element in lst: result += element return result def sum(a, b): return a + b y = sum(14, 29) z = list_sum([1, 2, 3]) print(y) print(z)
 |
| x = 4Переменная x ссылается на объект 4, который будет создан в памяти. |
 |
| y = x y ссылается на тот же объект, что и x. |
>>> x = [1, 2, 3] >>> print(id(x)) 51747776 >>> print(id([1, 2, 3])) 51756528
>>> x = [1, 2, 3] >>> y = x >>> print(y is x) True >>> x.append(4) >>> print(x) [1, 2, 3, 4] >>> print(y) [1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> x = [1, 2, 3] >>> y = x >>> y.append(4) >>> s = "123" >>> t = s >>> t = t + "4" >>> print(str(x) + " " + s) [1, 2, 3, 4] 123
>>> x = [1, 2, 3] >>> type(x) <class 'list'> >>> type(4) <class 'int'> >>> type(type(x)) <class 'type'>
n = int(input())
n = int(input())count = 0 total= 0 while (count < n): count = count + 1 total = total + int(input()) print(total)
>>> x = [10, 2, 5, 7] >>> x.sort() >>> print(x) [2, 5, 7, 10] >>> fib = lambda x : 1 if x <= 2 else fib(x - 1) + fib(x - 2) >>> fib(31)
